Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Prevalence and determinants of abnormal bone metabolism among Han Chinese diabetes patients: A cross-sectional study

Jianxiang Zhu¹, Zengbing Xia¹, Jikang Min¹, Wenlin Hu¹, Heng Li¹, Chao Mei²

¹Department of Orthopedics, The First Peopleâ€™s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, China; ²Department of Endocrinology, The First Peopleâ€™s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, China.

For correspondence:- Chao Mei Email: meichaoanji@163.com Tel:+8613689813322

Accepted: 25 May 2023 Published: 30 June 2023

Citation: Zhu J, Xia Z, Min J, Hu W, Li H, Mei C. Prevalence and determinants of abnormal bone metabolism among Han Chinese diabetes patients: A cross-sectional study. Trop J Pharm Res 2023; 22(6):1349-1356 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v22i6.27

© 2023 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and determinants of abnormal bone metabolism among Han Chinese diabetes patients.

Methods: Epidemiological characteristics, anthropometry, densitometry, clinical parameters, and pathological examinations of 335 Han Chinese type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients were analyzed in relation to bone densitometry.

Results: A total of 86 patients (25 %) were normal (T-score or Z-score of -1 or higher), while 259 patients (75 %) had abnormal bone metabolism (T-score or Z-score less than -1). Among the 259 patients with abnormal bone metabolism, 15 (4 %) had fracture-liable fragility (T-score or Z-score below -3), 112 (32 %) had osteoporosis (T-score or Z-score below -2.5), while 132 (39 %) had osteopenia (T-score or Z-score between -1 to -2.5). Age > 50 years (p = 0.0411), female sex (p = 0.0391), low body mass index (p = 0.0331), long duration of diabetes (p = 0.0291), low waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.0336), treatment with metformin or Chinese traditional medicine or insulin (p = 0.0395), abnormal levels of pathological parameters (p = 0.0397), and HbA1c ≥ 7 (p = 0.0123) were independent risk factors for abnormal bone metabolism.

Conclusion: Han Chinese individuals have a risk of abnormal bone metabolism in the diabetic state. Older people, women, patients who took metformin or Chinese traditional medicine or insulin treatment, individuals with abnormal pathological parameters, and those with HbA1c ≥ 7, had reduced bone mineral density. Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were protective against abnormal bone metabolism.

Keywords: Abnormal bone metabolism, Densitometry, Diabetes, Insulin, Metformin, T-score, Z-score, Bone mineral density